{"id":5418,"date":"2026-09-07T16:43:21","date_gmt":"2026-09-07T16:43:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/?p=5418"},"modified":"2026-09-07T16:51:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-07T16:51:57","slug":"1-pour-bien-commencer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/2026\/09\/07\/1-pour-bien-commencer\/","title":{"rendered":"1- Pour bien commencer : l&rsquo;histoire des nombres"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-794e3cfa wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"border-width:1px\">Cours<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"border-width:1px\">Questions flash<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-contrast-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-contrast-background-color has-background is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u2019histoire des nombres<\/strong> commence il y a des milliers d\u2019ann\u00e9es, bien avant l&rsquo;invention de l&rsquo;\u00e9criture, quand les humains comptaient simplement avec leurs <strong>doigts<\/strong>, des <strong>cailloux<\/strong> ou des <strong>entailles sur des os<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pour noter de grandes quantit\u00e9s, plusieurs civilisations ont ensuite invent\u00e9 leur propre syst\u00e8me :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83c\udfdb\ufe0f <strong>Les \u00c9gyptiens et les Romains<\/strong> utilisaient des symboles (comme des b\u00e2tons, des ponts ou des lettres) qu&rsquo;ils r\u00e9p\u00e9taient et additionnaient. C\u2019est le principe de la <strong>num\u00e9ration additive<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83c\udf0d <strong>Les Mayas et les Babyloniens<\/strong> ont compris qu&rsquo;un m\u00eame signe pouvait changer de valeur selon sa place dans le nombre : c&rsquo;est la <strong>num\u00e9ration de position<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83c\uddee\ud83c\uddf3 <strong>Les math\u00e9maticiens de l&rsquo;Inde<\/strong> ont invent\u00e9 le syst\u00e8me que nous utilisons aujourd&rsquo;hui. Ils ont cr\u00e9\u00e9 les <strong>chiffres de 0 \u00e0 9<\/strong> et le r\u00f4le capital du <strong>z\u00e9ro<\/strong> pour marquer un vide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce syst\u00e8me tr\u00e8s pratique a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 voyag\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce aux <strong>savants arabes<\/strong>, qui l&rsquo;ont transmis \u00e0 l&rsquo;Europe au Moyen \u00c2ge. C&rsquo;est pour cela qu&rsquo;on appelle aujourd&rsquo;hui nos symboles les \u00ab chiffres arabes \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-contrast-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-contrast-background-color has-background is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/7_brochure_historiques.pdf\">Brochure historique &#8211; ac.creteil.fr<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cours Questions flash L\u2019histoire des nombres commence il y a des milliers d\u2019ann\u00e9es, bien avant l&rsquo;invention de l&rsquo;\u00e9criture, quand les humains comptaient simplement avec leurs doigts, des cailloux ou des entailles sur des os. Pour noter de grandes quantit\u00e9s, plusieurs civilisations ont ensuite invent\u00e9 leur propre syst\u00e8me : Ce syst\u00e8me tr\u00e8s pratique a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5418"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5418\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5431,"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5418\/revisions\/5431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pausemaths.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}